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849RdiationinYourLifeworksheet.docx
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//ABISOURCE//DTD XHTML plus AWML 2.2//EN" "http://www.abisource.com/2004/xhtml-awml/xhtml-awml.mod"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:awml="http://www.abisource.com/2004/xhtml-awml/"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" /> <title> Abiword HTML Document </title> </head> <body> <div> <p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:20pt;font-family:'Arial';text-decoration:underline;color:#201f1e">Radiation in Your Life</span> </p> <p style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e"> I wish I could tell you that, after you learned about all of the different types of radiation, their effects on the human body, and where radiation can come from, that you could completely protect yourself from radiation. I wish I could assure you that you could be safe from such a useful but dangerous source of energy in our universe. Unfortunately, I cannot. You will always be exposed to radiation in some form or another. The only knowledge I can impart to you is how to mitigate the effects of radiation in your life, minimize it, and once you are safe, utilize it to your advantage. But first, some vocabulary…</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';text-decoration:underline;color:#201f1e">Vocabulary for Radiation Detection</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">1.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Radiation –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Energy that leaves a reaction and travels radially (hence radiation) outward. It does not need a medium to travel in and can travel in the vacuum of space.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">2.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Background Radiation –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Radiation that occurs all around us, every day. Because we experience it every day, our cells can repair that damage without a problem as a normal part of the cell cycle of life and death.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">3.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Ionizing Radiation –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Radiation that turns particles from neutral to ions either by knocking out electrons or by knocking out protons from an atom. This always causes damage to cells. While your body can simply get rid of cells that are damaged, like in the outer layer of skin, if the damage penetrates further, your body has a harder time getting rid of them. If this occurs often enough in the right places, like in DNA, the damage will lead to mutations in your cells that could eventually lead to cancer.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">4.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Geiger Counter –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">A metal tube filled with an inert gas to detect radiation. When ionizing radiation enters the front part of the tube, it ionizes a small part of the gas. This ionized gas can conduct a current, which are then transmitted to a speaker further up the device which then changes to an audible click. The more clicks you hear; the more radiation is being detected in the Geiger counter.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">5.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Scintillation Counter –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">A phosphor-coated surface used to detect radiation. When ionizing radiation strikes the surface, the phosphor produces bright flashes of light. These flashes are then recorded and stored electronically. This method is more sensitive than Geiger counters and is used to detect radioisotopes in the body. </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:36.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">6.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#221638"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">Film Badge –</span><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#221638">A badge that contains a photographic film covered with black light proof paper. When ionizing radiation enters the badge, the photographic paper gets lighter. Every so often, the paper is developed to see how much radiation you experienced while working around the radioactive source.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:'Segoe UI';color:#201f1e"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';text-decoration:underline;color:#201f1e">Activity for Radiation in Your Life</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-style:italic;font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">Purpose</span><span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">: To demonstrate the relationship between radiation from the radiation source</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">Materials:</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">1. Flashlight</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">2. Strips of Duct Tape</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">3. Scissors</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">4. Poster board, white (50 X 50 cm)</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">5. Meter ruler or tape measure</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">6. Flat surface, long enough to hold the meter ruler</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt;margin-left:72.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">7. Graph paper</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-style:italic;font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">Procedure</span><span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">:</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">1. Estimate and record the distance (A) from the bulb filament to the front surface of the flashlight.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">2. Cover the end of a flashlight with strips of duct tape. Leave a 1 cm X 1 cm square slit in the center of the tape.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">3. Place the flashlight on its side on a flat surface. Turn on the flashlight. Darken the room.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">4. Mount a large piece white poster board in front of the flashlight, perpendicular to the horizontal surface. </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">5. Move the flashlight away from the board in short increments. At each position, record the distance (B) form the flashlight to the board and the length (L) of one side of the square image on the board.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">6. On a sheet of graph paper, plot L on the y-axis versus A + B on the x-axis. On another sheet, plot L</span><span style="font-size:6.5pt;font-family:'Arial';vertical-align:super;color:#201f1e">2</span><span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e"> on the y-axis versus A + B on the x-axis.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:'Segoe UI';color:#201f1e"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-style:italic;font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">Analyze and Conclude:</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">1. Make Generalizations: As the flashlight is moved away from the board, what happens to the intensity of the light in the square image? Use your graphs to describe the relationship between intensity and distance.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">2. Explain: When the distance of the flashlight from the board (B) is doubled and tripled, what happens to the areas and intensities of the squares?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:'Segoe UI';color:#ff0000"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">3. Imagine that this flashlight was a source of ionizing radiation. What would be two methods of keeping you safe from its devastating effects?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:'Segoe UI';color:#ff0000"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">4. On the flip side, if I want to use radiation to my advantage, like killing a tumor, describe two good methods of both delivering the maximum radiation to the tumor, while minimizing radiation to the healthy cells that surround it.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:'Segoe UI';color:#201f1e"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';text-decoration:underline;color:#201f1e">Review Questions for Radiation in Your Life</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#201f1e">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">In each of the three detection devices described in the lesson, what is used to detect the radiation?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Geiger Counter, Scintillation Counter, and the</span><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"></span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Film Badge</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">2.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">What are two ways radioisotopes can be used in medicine?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">3.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Why is the radiation emitted by radioisotopes called ionizing radiation?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">4.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Suppose you worked with or near a radiation source. Why might your employer use a film badge rather than a Geiger counter to monitor your exposure to radiation?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">5.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Why do airports use scintillation counters and not Geiger counter to search for radioactive materials?</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">6.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Of Geiger counters, scintillation counters, and film badges, which device is most similar to a smoke detector? Explain your choice.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">7.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">Briefly describe the three steps that occur when iodine-131 is used to diagnose thyroid disease.</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom:0.000000pt"> <span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">8.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Arial';color:#ff0000">What is one advantage of using sealed tubes, or seeds, to treat a tumor?</span> </p> <p> </p> </div> </body></html> ">
