Discussion 1
Claims made in Chapter 1 of the textbook are as follows. Foremost, the chapter claims that North America was already inhabited when Europeans ‘discovered’ and colonised the continent. Secondly, the chapter claims that native Americans had elaborate and populated cities (such as Tenochtitlan) and indigenous ways of life prior XX European XXXXXXX. XXXXXXX, XXX chapter claims XXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX Americans XX XXXXXXXXX ‘noble savages’ or XXXXXX XX XXXXXXX due to their lack of XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXX long-distance navigation. Fourthly, XXX chapter claims that Europeans justified their colonization XXX XX different views XX property, XXXXXXXX and XXXXXX relations, XXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX perceived XXXXXX Americans XX XXXXXXXX heathens. XXXXXXX, the XXXXXXX XXXXXX that XXXXXXXXX expanded in order XX find XXX XXXXXXXXXX routes. Sixthly, the chapter XXXXXX XXXX the XXXXXXXXX introduced war, XXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXX that XXXXX out XXXXX segments XX XXX native population, and that XXXXXXX colonialists XXX XXXXX expansion XX benign but actually XXX their XXXXXXX XXXX actively resisted by XXX locals. XXXXXXX, XXX XXXXXXX claims that different XXXXXXXX empires XXX different practices (for example, XXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX mixing and XXXXXXX, the XXXXX prioritised XXXXXXX, XXX the XXXXXX XXXXXXX friendlier XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXX XXXXXXX) This XXXXX XXXX discuss how XXXXXXXX 1, X and 4 of ‘XXXXXX of XXXXXXX’ XXXXXXX XXX above claims.
Document X (The Results XX Colonization, 1776, Adam Smith) XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXX claims XX an essay XX XXX XXXXXXXX achievements of XXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXX XXXX North and XXXXX America, which XXXX acknowledges XXX costs paid by XXXXXXXXXX Native XXXXXXXXX in XXXXX of XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX, XXXX of XXXXXXXX and XXXXX exploitation. XXXXX’s essay XXXXX XX the claim that XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX in order XX XXXX new commercial XXXXXX, XX XXXXXX that XXX ‘XXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX’ has XXX XX the ‘increase of its enjoyments’ and ‘XXXXXXXXXXXX of its XXXXXXXX’, XXX notes XXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXX have ‘XXXXXX a XXXX XXXXXXXXX market for XXXXX XXXXXXX produce’, XXXXX has XXXXXXXXX their XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX. XXXXXXX, Smith XXXXXXXX XXXX ‘to the natives… XXX the commercial benefits… XXXX been XXXX XXX lost in XXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX have occasioned’. This XXXXXXXX the claim XXXX XXXXXXXXX introduced XXX, enslavement XXX XXXXXXX that XXXXX out large segments of XXX native population.
Document X (XXXXXXXXX de XXX XXXXX on Spanish Treatment of XXX Indians, XXXX XXXXXXX XX XXX Indies, 1528) XXXXXXXX XXX above claims XX it originates XXXX a Catholic priest XXX XXXXXXXX criticised Spanish XXXXX XX the Native XXXXXXXXX. XXX document XXXXX XXXXXXXX the XXXXX that XXX XXXXXXXXX introduced war, XXXXXXXXXXX XXX disease that wiped out large XXXXXXXX of the native population, as XXXXX XX how XXX Casas XXXXXXXXX XXXX ‘XX those who had XXXXXX in the mines, a XXXX 10 XXX cent XXXXXXXX XX XXXXX the journey home’, and how the XXXXXXX were only ‘fed…cassava bread’ and XXXXXXXX ‘XXXXXX hunger’, XXX that XXX ‘Indians XXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX of their XXXXXXX XXX XXXX XXX in XXX harshest, XXXXXXXX, XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX and captivity’. The XXXXXXXX also XXXXXXXX the claim XXXX the Spanish XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXX, having treated XXXX as ‘XXXX dogs’ XXX ‘kicked XXX beat XXXX’.
Document X (‘XXXXXXXXXXXX of XXXXXX and XXXXX Naranjo’ XX XXX Pueblo Revolt, XXXX) supports the above claims XX showing XXXX Spanish XXXXXXXXXXXX saw their expansion as XXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX had their abusive XXXX actively resisted by XXX XXXXXX, XXX that native Americans XXX XXXXXXXXX and populated cities (such as Tenochtitlan) and XXXXXXXXXX XXXX of life XXXXX to XXXXXXXX arrival. This is shown by how Josephe, a Spanish XXXXXXXX Indian, XXXXXXXXX the nature XX XXX XXXXXX, which included a XXXXXX XX XXXXXXXXXX cultural and XXXXXXXXX practices XXXX as XXX XXXXXXXX XX ‘estufas’, XX well as XXX active XXXXXXXXXXX XX Spanish XXXXXXXX equipment XXX XXXXXX of worship. XXXX XXX proof that the Pueblo Indians were intent on XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX resistance and XXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX imposition XX XXXXXXX by XXXXXXXXX on a XXXXXXXXX basis. The document XXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXX that XXXXXXXXX perceived XXXXXX Americans XX XXXXXXXX heathens, as shown XX XXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXX the revolt’s actions, which include ‘XXXXXX of XXXXXXXX’ and ‘ugly XXXXX in XXXXXXXXX XX the devil’, which reflect pejorative XXXXXXXX impressions of XXXXXX XXXXXXXX religious traditions.
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