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This essay will argue that the descendants of American slaves should not receive reparations, because of the insincerity, absolution and divisiveness of such a policy. This essay fully acknowledges that African-Americans, the descendants of American slaves, are owed a tremendous debt that cannot be paid back by American society, for centuries of abuse, systemic discrimination and trauma suffered at the hands of white Americans and the American state. However, this essay continues to hold that descendants of American slaves should not receive reparations for the above mentioned reasons.
Foremost, reparations would be an insincere way to deal with the legacy of the trans-atlantic slave trade and its continued XXXXXXX on XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX. XXXXXXXXXXX, XX matter XXX XXXXXXXXX or type, would XX insufficient to pay African XXXXXXXXX XXXX for XXX XXXX history XX abuse, XXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXXX received by slaveowners and racists. [X] Reparations XXXXX clearly XXXX XXXXX of XXX restorative justice XXXX to XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, as the assignment of a XXXXXXXX value XX the XXXXX inflicted upon them XXXXX, XX XXXXXXXXXX, XXXXX the XXXXX of XXXXX XXXXXXXXX. XXXXXXXXXXX, reparations, as a policy, is insufficient to XXXXXXX the continued XXXXXXXXXXXX in healthcare, XXXXXXXXX XXX opportunity XXXXXXX African Americans and XXXXXXXXX of XXXXX ethnicities, XX it XX XXXX a one-time payout.[2]
XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX would XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX who descended from slaveowners and XXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXX guilt XXXX bear. Reparations XXXXX symbolically close the XXXXXXX of slavery XXX its continuing XXXXXXX, and XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XX critics XXX might XXXXXXX XXXX after XXXXXXXXXXX, XXX XXXXXXXXX disadvantages faced by African XXXXXXXXX XXX XX longer XXX XXXXX XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX, XXX XXXXXX XX be responsible for XXXXX.[3] Such XXXXXXXXXX would not XX XXXXXXX in solving XXX XXXXXXXX caused XX the continued legacy of slavery in America. In XXXX, it XX also worth remembering XXXX XXXX after XXX abolition of slavery, discrimination XXXXXXXXX to XXXXX, which had to XX XXXXXXXXXXX from XXXXXXX through XXXXXXX and XXXXX-out civil rights movements. XXX XXXXXXX, XXX XXX Crow laws continued XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX de XXXX discrimination in XXX XXXXX, Reagan’s administration passed laws that XXXXXXXXXXXX drug possession which was unfair to minorities, XXX de facto discrimination continues XX XXXXX in much of America today against the XXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX. XX was XXXX through comprehensive civil XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX such as XXX XXXXX Civil Rights XXXXXXX and protests XXXX XXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX. Reparations XXXXX close XXX door on addressing XXX XXXXXXXX issues through XXXXX-XXXXX XXXXXXXXX such as civil XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX.
XXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX would XX divisive. In an American XXXXXXX XXXXX is fraught with XXXXXXXXX partisanship and XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX, pushing such a XXXXXX (XXX XXXXXXX, XXXXXXX the XXXXXXXX-XXX House XX XXXXXXX) XXXXX only serve to further divide the American government, electorate and people. XXXX XX XXXXXXXXXXX were successfully XXXXXX, this XXXXX XXXX close the XXXX XX future XXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXX XX healthcare XXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXX inequality XXXX are the direct XXXXXX of slavery.[4]
In XXXXXXXXXX, while reparations XXX an attractive policy option, they represent an overly simplistic XXX ineffective XXX to XXXXX XXX problems faced by descendants XX American XXXXXX. As they XXX insincere, divisive XXX offer false XXXXXXXXXX as a policy, XXXX XXXXX contends XXXX the descendants XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX receive reparations as a XXXX of ‘XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX’. [5] XXXXXX, XXX American people XXXXXX XXXXXX for a more comprehensive XXX XXXX solution to the continuing legacy XX slavery.
Endnotes
[1] XXXXXX, Howard. "XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXX."XXXXXXXXXXXXXX41, XX. X (XXXX): XXX-562.
[2] XXXXX, Van X. "Political interest convergence: African American XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXX XXXXX XX American XXXXXXXXX."U. Haw. L. XXX.XX (2002): XXX.
[X] XXXXXX, XXXXXXXX XXXXX. "Restorative justice and reparations."Journal XX social XXXXXXXXXX(XXXX).
[4] XXXX.
[5] Swarns, XXXXXX L. "272 slaves XXXX sold to XXXX Georgetown. XXXX does it XXX XXXXX descendants?."New York Times16 (2016).
XXXXXXXXXX
Collins, X. X. "Georgetown University, XXXXXXXX XXXX XXX sins."XXX XXXX TimesXX (2016).
XXXXX, Van B. "Political XXXXXXXX convergence: XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX reparations XXX the XXXXX XX XXXXXXXX democracy."X. XXX. X. XXX.XX (XXXX): 253.
McGary, XXXXXX. "XXXXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXX."XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, no. X (2010): 546-562.
XXXXXX, XXXXXX X. "272 slaves were XXXX XX save XXXXXXXXXX. What does it owe XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX?."XXX York TimesXX (2016).
XXXXXX, XXXXXXXX Urban. "Restorative XXXXXXX and reparations."Journal XX social philosophy(XXXX).
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